use strict;
use warnings;

my %M     = ( name   => 'Bobo',
              gender => "male",
              konsum => [4, 3, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5]
             );

dumpit(\%M);
dumpit(\@{$M{'konsum'}});

my $sum = 0;
for my $i (@{$M{'konsum'}})
  { $sum += $i; }
printf("Summe: %d, Durchschnitt: %2.2f\n", $sum, $sum/7);


sub dumpit
  {
  my $ref = shift;
  if(ref($ref) eq 'HASH')
    {
    print "HASH:\n";
    foreach (sort (keys %{$ref}))
      { print "\t $_ => $ref->{$_}\n"; }
    }
  elsif(ref($ref) eq 'ARRAY')
    {
    print "ARRAY:\n";
    for my $i (0 .. @{$ref}-1)
      { print "\t $i: $ref->[$i]\n"; }
    }
  else
    {
    print "SKALAR:\n";
    print "\t ${$ref}\n";
    }
  }